Electrolytes are charged ions—such as sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and magnesium (Mg2+)—that dissolve in water and help conduct electrical signals throughout the body. These ions play a critical role in maintaining fluid balance, supporting muscle contraction, regulating nerve impulses, and managing pH levels. When electrolytes are in their optimal form, they ensure efficient cellular function, but when oxidation occurs, their molecular structure changes, reducing their effectiveness.